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Autor	Urszula Bronisz, Andrzej Jakubowski
Tytuł	Rural Demographic Problem Areas in Poland
Title	Rural Demographic Problem Areas in Poland
Słowa kluczowe	rural areas, demographic problems, Poland
Key words	rural areas, demographic problems, Poland
Abstrakt	Demographic problem areas are perceived as one of the most important types of problem areas and require special research interest. Problem areas conditioned by population factor most often refer to rural areas. Presented article aims to identify and delimit rural demographic problem areas in Poland. The study covered rural areas distinguished on the basis of the classification of the European Commission DEGURBA The analysis enabled to identify depopulation areas, areas with disrupted population reproduction (ie areas of permanent natural decline), areas of permanent outflow of population, areas with impaired population structure by age and areas with disrupted population structure by sex in the group of people of marriage age (20-34 years). To indicate clusters of communes characterised by the presence of the unfavourable demographic phenomena and processes (rural demographic problem areas) the measure of local spatial autocorrelation (Anselin Local Moran's I) was applied. The application value resulting from the research may be the improvement of the effectiveness of public intervention carried out as part of the development policy.
Abstract	Demographic problem areas are perceived as one of the most important types of problem areas and require special research interest. Problem areas conditioned by population factor most often refer to rural areas. Presented article aims to identify and delimit rural demographic problem areas in Poland. The study covered rural areas distinguished on the basis of the classification of the European Commission DEGURBA The analysis enabled to identify depopulation areas, areas with disrupted population reproduction (ie areas of permanent natural decline), areas of permanent outflow of population, areas with impaired population structure by age and areas with disrupted population structure by sex in the group of people of marriage age (20-34 years). To indicate clusters of communes characterised by the presence of the unfavourable demographic phenomena and processes (rural demographic problem areas) the measure of local spatial autocorrelation (Anselin Local Moran's I) was applied. The application value resulting from the research may be the improvement of the effectiveness of public intervention carried out as part of the development policy.
Cytowanie	Bronisz U., Jakubowski A. (2019) Rural Demographic Problem Areas in Poland.Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, t. 19(34), z. 2: 41-53
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Pełny tekst	PRS_2019_T19(34)_n2_s41.pdf

Autor	Ana Kapaj, Iwona Pomianek
Tytuł	Demographic changes in rural and semi-urban areas in Poland (2003-2016)
Title
Słowa kluczowe	demographic potential, sustainable development, problem areas
Key words
Abstrakt	The demographic potential, especially in the peripheral and remote areas, Has been deteriorating. Negative natural increase, low or negative migration balances, unfavourable values of the feminisation index and growing relation of the number of people at post-working age to the number of people at working age have been threatening rural development. The aim of the research was to show spatial concentrations of municipalities (LAU 2 level) with a similar level of demographic potential. The study was carried out for 2169 municipalities (LAU 2 level), including rural and semi-urban (urban-rural, including small towns) ones. It was based on the data from the Statistics Poland. The municipalities were are ranked by the level of demographic potential (by 4 variables) and put into 5 groups by the potential level using the taxonomic development measure of Hellwig. The results were presented in maps using cartogram method. The most favourable and promising situation according to demographic potential is observed in central and southern Poland, especially in semi-urban and suburban areas of large cities. The worst demographic potential level and at the same time the least favourable demographic forecasts concern mostly the Eastern Poland, already known as problem area. The spiral of negative conditions accelerates, causing more disadvantages, making young people looking for new places to work and live, deepening current demographic problems and leading to socio-economic development pathologies.
Abstract
Cytowanie	Kapaj A., Pomianek I.
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Pełny tekst	AMME_2018_n2_s89.pdf

Autor	Agnieszka Wojewódzka-Wiewiórska
Tytuł	Identyfikacja wiejskich obszarów problemowych i barier ich rozwoju na przykładzie województwa mazowieckiego
Title	DIAGNOSIS OF RURAL PROBLEM AREAS AND DEVELOPMENT BARRIERS BASED ON MAZOWIECKIE VOIVODESHIP
Słowa kluczowe	rozwój społeczno-gospodarczy, obszary wiejskie, obszary problemowe, bariery rozwoju, województwo mazowieckie
Key words	socio-economic development, rural areas, problem areas, development barriers, Mazovian Voivodeship
Abstrakt	Polska charakteryzuje się wysokim zróżnicowaniem w poziomie rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego, co widoczne jest zarówno w przekroju między-, jak i wewnątrzregionalnym. Jednocześnie występujące silne zróżnicowanie w tym względzie ma tendencję do pogłębiania się, szczególnie w regionach administracyjnych. W artykule dokonano identyfikacji wiejskich obszarów problemowych województwa mazowieckiego w zakresie poziomu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego na poziomie gmin. W zależności od poziomu rozwoju (2010 r.) i tempa rozwoju w latach 2004-2010 wyodrębniono dwa typy gmin problemowych: o niskim poziomie i niskim tempie rozwoju (typ D – 13 gmin) oraz niskim poziomie i wysokim tempie rozwoju (typ B – 9 gmin). Obszary problemowe charakteryzowały się niekorzystną sytuacją, jeżeli chodzi o kształtowanie się wskaźników demograficznych. Główna bariera rozwoju badanych gmin to wysoka stopa bezrobocia, która powodowała wiele konsekwencji, m.in.: odpływ ludności oraz niskie wpływy do budżetu gmin.
Abstract	Poland is clearly differentiated, taking into account the level of socio-economic development which is visible both between the regions and within regions. At the same time such strong differentiation tends to deepen, especially in the administrative regions. In this paper the identification of problem areas in rural Mazowieckie voivodship was done on the basis of the socio-economic development level of communes. Depending on the development level in 2010 and the pace of development in 2004-2010 two types of rural problem areas were distinguished: low level and low rate of development (type D – 13 communes) and low and high rate of development (type B – 9 communes). Problem areas were characterized by unfavorable demographic indicators. The main barrier to the development of the surveyed communes was the high rate of unemployment, which caused many consequences, inter alia, migration and low budget revenues of communes.
Cytowanie	Wojewódzka-Wiewiórska A. (2015) Identyfikacja wiejskich obszarów problemowych i barier ich rozwoju na przykładzie województwa mazowieckiego.Roczniki Naukowe Ekonomii Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich, t. 102, z. 1: 123-132
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Pełny tekst	RNR_2015_n1_s123.pdf